Development of high yielding early matured and shattering tolerant Brassica napus L. through interspecific hybridization between B. rapa L. and B. oleracea L.

Brassica napus L is an important oilseed crops grown throughout many parts of the world. It is well adapted to long day photoperiods. Synthetic B. napus was produced through interspecific hybridization between B. rapa L. var Tori-7 and exotic variety of B. oleracea L. var. alboglabra Bailey. The chromosomes of the interspecific hybrids were doubled through the treatments of colchicine. Synthetic B. napus had increased growth and exhibited wider range of variations than parents for plant height leaf and floral characters, siliquae related characters, flowering and maturity characters, yield and yield contributing characters and sterility and siliquae shattering characters. Resynthesized lines (RS) showed higher plant height, leaf width compare to check variety BINA Sarisha-04. The RS lines also found to be best for siliquae related characters (siliquae length, break length, length of main fruiting axis, siliquae density siliquae angle). On the basis of flowering and maturity characters (1st, 50% and 90% flowering and days to maturity) RS lines showed six days earlier than check variety but not early maturing B. rapa parent Tori-7. The RS lines found to be promising for yield, yield contributing characters and oil content (primary and secondary branches per plant, siliquae per plant, seeds per plant, 1000 seeds weight, seed yield per plant and oil content). On the basis of sterility and shattering characters (pollen sterility %, siliquae setting, sterile seeds per siliquae, siliquae shattered at harvest and siliquae shattered after 7 days of harvest) the RS lines were better performer than check variety. The developed RS lines may be useful for rapeseed breeding to improve earliness, shattering tolerance and higher yield.