The evolution of home modification programs in Japan

Home modifications (HMs) are an effective strategy to improve older people’s quality of life. In this paper, the authors analyze the evolution of home modification support programs for the community-dwelling frail elderly in Japan from an historical perspective. First, Japan-specific issues that relate to home modifications are explained. Next, the early history of local home modification programs and its operation are discussed. Third, the authors analyze the context of the inclusion of home modification program as a part of the newly implemented National Long Term Care Insurance System (LTCIS). Finally, lessons learned from the history of Japanese home modification programs and future considerations are presented.