Rapid and continuous oxidation of organic contaminants with ascorbic acid and a modified ferric/persulfate system

Abstract An eco-friendly reagent, Vitamin C (ascorbic acid, H 2 A), has been introduced into a traditional iron activated persulfate (PS) process (Fe 2+ /PS). The modified Fe 3+ /H 2 A/PS system exhibits a rapid and continuous oxidation of organic contaminants, and shows great advantages over the conventional Fe 2+ /PS process by enhanced removal efficiency and wide working initial pH (pH 0 2.0–6.2). This can be attributed to both the reduction and chelating ability of ascorbic acid. The optimal dosages of ascorbic acid, ferric ion and persulfate were determined by batch experiments. Radical quenching experiments show that SO 4 − and HO are the main reactive species in the Fe 3+ /H 2 A/PS process. Based on these results, a plausible degradation mechanism is proposed. The modified system may provide a simple and effective technology for the decomposition of refractory organics in water.