Evaluation of Dynamic Microbiome Ecology Within the Plant Roots

Belowground plant root–soil interface is a dynamic region, where numerous biogeochemical changes take place and are determined by the physical and chemical activities. A vast number of microbes including bacteria and fungi are associated with soil and plants. Roots carry out several functions like attachment and absorbance of nutrients, water and microorganisms necessary for plant growth. Plants have evolved with a wide range of microorganisms within (endophytes) or surrounding (epiphytes) and play a significant role in plant growth and health. Environmental factors, soil condition, impact of plant genotype, rhizosphere and root exudates have an impact on plant endophytes and their mechanism. Therefore, this chapter reviews the plant root associated endophytes, factors affecting, functionalities and understanding the interaction between microbiome associated within plant root.