An Echocardiographic Guide to Distinguish a Rare Cardiac Abnormality: Case Study of Left Ventricular Diverticulum and Review of the Literature

Ventricular diverticulum is a rare cardiac condition with characteristics of a localized aneurysm from the cardiac chamber. This abnormality may exist either in isolation or with other cardiac defects. Clinically, patients with such a condition are often asymptomatic, however fatal complications can arise (1). Diagnosis can be established by two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiography and supported by other diagnostic modalities. This article presents a case study with congenital left ventricular (LV) diverticulum from a 2-D echocardiographic approach, and aims to guide cardiac sonographers to make appropriate diagnosis from differential pathologies.