The metrics of mixed traffic noise: Results of simulated environment experiments

Some types of noise, including traffic noise, railway noise, and aircraft noise have previously been evaluated individually. However, it is also necessary to consider the combined noise resulting from these sources because residents in urban areas are often exposed to these types of noises simultaneously. In spite of the studies that have considered combined noise, in which different evaluation models have been proposed (Ollerhead 1978; Powell 1979; Flindell 1983; Vos 1992; Kaku 1999), there is little agreement about which model is the most effective (Gjestland 1997). In addition, there have only been a few studies carried out specifically in Japan that have considered combined noise. It is therefore important to consider whether the results obtained from studies carried out elsewhere (including in western countries) are applicable to Japan, given its different culture and the differences in the structure of its cities and houses. This is done by reinvestigating the effects of combined noise, this time in Japan, and collecting additional information related to the study.