체리(Prunus avium)에 대한 양봉꿀벌(Apis mellifera), 서양뒤영벌(Bombus terrestris) 및 머리뿔가위벌(Osmia cornifrons)의 수분특성 비교

To increase the fruit quality and fruit set ratio of the cherry, 3 species of insects, honeybee (Apis mellifera), bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) and Osmia cornifrons were used for pollination in cherry field in Gyeongju province. And also economical effect for crops of cherry fruit pollinated with same insect was analyzed. This study was also conducted using 3 kinds of methods for pollination effect, natural condition, net-house treatment and control method. Three species of cherry, Juadeonggum, Bing and Napoleon, were used in this experiment, also Juadeonggum and Napoleon species used as assistant pollination tree each other. Foraging activity of Apis mellifera showed peak in 9 AM, but in case of Bombus terrestris showed activity constantly from 9 AM to 5 PM. Rate of fruit set pollinated with A. mellifera and B. terrestris was showed 16.1% and 12.7% respectively. But O. cornifrons was lower than another 2 kinds of insects with 6.5% of fruit setting rate. Total rate of fruit set of cherry showed lower tendency compared with other kinds of fruit tree with under 20%. This results of low fruit set ratio is to be caused by abnormal weather condition, low temperature and heavy wind in blooming periods of cherry in 2010. There are some different in saccharinity, average saccharinity of fruits pollinated by Apis mellifera and B. terrestris was showed higher than O. cornifrons and natural condition with 21.9 Brix (%) and 20.9 Brix (%) respectively. In conclusion, method of using honeybee and bumblebee seems to be effective to increase productivity and fruit quality in pollinating cherry flowers.