Theories of motor learning and their implications for the adventure sports coach

Specificity is a major training principle. In short, the body adapts specifically to the stressor that is applied. It follows that if the training is not correct then the subsequent adaptation will not achieve the desired outcome. Once the requirements of the adventure sport have been determined, the next step is to structure the training. Periodization is the term given to the planning of the training period. While a periodized plan makes sense on paper, it is difficult to accurately predict an athlete's response to training and therefore it is erroneous to advance-plan preparation programmes. The chapter outlines the importance of an appropriate diet to allow optimal performance in adventure activities. It overviews the macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and fats). Further a dietary plan should be put in place to support the training load and improve the performance during the event. The diet should reflect the demands of the training and track energy expenditure on a daily basis.