Combined Artificial Intelligence Approaches Analyzing 1000 Conservative Patients with Back Pain—A Methodological Pathway to Predicting Treatment Efficacy and Diagnostic Groups

Patients with back pain are common and present a challenge in everyday medical practice due to the multitude of possible causes and the individual effects of treatments. Predicting causes and therapy efficien cy with the help of artificial intelligence could improve and simplify the treatment. In an exemplary collective of 1000 conservatively treated back pain patients, it was investigated whether the prediction of therapy efficiency and the underlying diagnosis is possible by combining different artificial intelligence approaches. For this purpose, supervised and unsupervised artificial intelligence methods were analyzed and a methodology for combining the predictions was developed. Supervised AI is suitable for predicting therapy efficiency at the borderline of minimal clinical difference. Non-supervised AI can show patterns in the dataset. We can show that the identification of the underlying diagnostic groups only becomes possible through a combination of different AI approaches and the baseline data. The presented methodology for the combined application of artificial intelligence algorithms shows a transferable path to establish correlations in heterogeneous data sets when individual AI approaches only provide weak results.