Формирование системы генетической паспортизации масличного льна

Relevance . The study of the genetic diversity of linseed and the clear identification of cultivars of this crop is an important part of breeding work. DNA marking, including the use of microsatellite SSR markers, is considered to be the most effective method for analyzing genetic polymorphism and improving the efficiency of selection. The purpose of this work was to study the polymorphism of a number of modern cultivars of linseed and develop their genetic passport. Materials and methods . The object of research was 22 varieties of oilseed flax included in the state register, of various breeding origin. The genetic analysis was performed by PCR using a line of 11 SSR markers developed and synthesized by “Syntol” LLC, with subsequent detection of products on a genetic analyzer. Results . In the study sample, 46 alleles were identified. Each sample contained a unique set of alleles. The use of alphanumeric code for SSR markers allowed the formation of genetic passports for each studied cultivar. This will allow accurate genotyping of morphologically difficult to distinguish samples, which shows the possibility of certification of all flax cultivars included in the State register of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation. Cluster analysis with the construction of a dendrogram of genetic similarity revealed differences in the studied samples. Cultivars of the studied samples were divided into three separate groups, two of which are characterized by origin and relationships between them, the third group of cultivars are the results of selection work using samples of different geographical origin.