Analysis and improvement of ZG off-line TTP non-repudiation protocol

Based on the weakness of ZG off-line TTP(trusted third party) non-repudiation protocol because of using pro-tocol deadline, the improvement of the ZG off-line TTP non-repudiation protocol was given, which eliminated the delay-ing resolve request attack and ensured non-repudiation and fairness.Therefore, two kinds of improvement of ZG off-line TTP non-repudiation protocol were given, which had different point of focus.Among them, the first one could eliminate delaying message attack in ZG protocol;the second one also had the property of preventing the abuse of sub-protocol be-sides eliminating delaying message attack.The first one is suitable for electronic payment and certified email, but the second one is suitable for digital contract signature.