Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Materials

Hydrogen is an ideal candidate to fuel as “future energy needs”. Hydrogen is a light (Mw = 2.016 g mol−1), abundant, and nonpolluting gas. Hydrogen as a fuel can be a promising alternative to fossil fuels; i.e., it enables energy security and takes cares of climate change issue. Hydrogen has a low density of around 0.0899 kg m−3 at normal temperature, and pressure (~7% of the density of air), which is the main challenge in its real applications. It means, for example, 1 kg of hydrogen requires an extremely high volume of around 11 m3. In order to solve this limitation of hydrogen, solid-state hydrogen storage materials are used to store hydrogen efficiently and effectively. In this chapter, an attempt has been developed to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in hydrogen storage materials in terms of capacity, content, efficiency, and mechanism of storage.