Therapy of High Risk Patients After Decompensation of Heart Failure Under NT-proBNP Control. Main Results

AIM: to compare efficacy of treatment of high risk patients after acute decompensation (AD) of chronic heart failure (CHF) based on monitoring of NT-proBNP concentration and standard treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients (n=100) with class III-IV CHF and left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF) <40% due to ischemic heart disease (IHD), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP), or arterial hypertension (AH) after compensation of HF before discharge were distributed into groups of low (NT-proBNP <1400 picog/ml, n=30) or high (NT-proBNP more or equal 1400 picog/ml, n=70) risk. High risk patients were randomized into 2 treatment groups: NT-proBNP based (group I, n=35) and standard (group II, n=35) therapy. At study closure we formed another group consisting of group I and II participants noncomplaint with study protocol (group NC, n=10). Groups practically did not differ by main clinical functional characteristics. Aim of treatment was lowering of NT-proBNP level below 1000 picog/ml or more or equal 50% from baseline. At discharge median NT-proBNP concentration was 3750.0 (2224.0; 6613.0), 2783.0 (2021.5; 4827.5), and 2162.0 (1684.5; 5750.0) picog/ml in groups I, II, and NC, respectively (=0.315). RESULTS: At study entry all group I and II patients received combination of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, -adrenoblockers, antagonists of mineralocorticoid receptors. After 6 months changes of doses of neuro-hormonal modulators in group I were more pronounced than in group II. NT-proBNP concentration decreased by 53% down to 1585.5 (976,6; 2742,5) picog/ml, =0.001, and by 10.2% in groups I and II, respectively (between group =0.001). In group I compared with II we observed more pronounced improvement of clinical functional indicators, quality of life, and parameters of systolic and diastolic LV function (<0.05), fewer cardiovascular deaths (4 vs. 10, =0.033) and repeat decompensations and rehospitalizations because CHF (4 vs. 14, =0.007). CONCLUSION: Compared with standard therapy long-term NT-proBNP guided treatment of high risk patients significantly significantly decreased rate of CV deaths and repeat decompensations and rehospitalizations because CHF, and more effectively influenced clinical and functional state, quality of life and main echocardiographical parameters of LV systolic and diastolic function.