Control device, control method, program, and position estimation system

This data processing device (100) is provided with: image processing units (102) that perform image processing on images acquired from image acquisition devices (10), and acquire information regarding an object on the images; an object position estimation unit (104) that associates the obtained information regarding the object on the images with a target 3D space captured by the image acquisition devices (10), and estimates the position of the object in the 3D space; an object state identification unit (106) that identifies the state of the object in the 3D space on the basis of the estimated position of the object in the 3D space; and a power control unit (108) that controls the operation of the image acquisition device (10) and the corresponding image processing unit (102) according to the identified object state.