Magnetic effects in the band structure of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic lanthanide-metal films

Abstract Systematic magnetic effects in the band structure of the heavy lanthanide metals Gd, Tb, Dy, and Ho were studied by angle-resolved photoemission from epitaxial films. The temperature-dependent exchange splitting exhibits a different behavior for delocalized and localized band states. For the delocalized Δ 2 bulk band states, a Stoner-like temperature dependence of the splitting is observed in ferromagnetic and helical antiferromagnetic phases. A more localized oxygen-induced surface state shows a temperature-independent contribution to the splitting. All observed magnetic splittings scale with the 4f spin moment.