14‐3‐3σ regulation by p53 mediates a chemotherapy response to 5‐fluorouracil in MCF‐7 breast cancer cells via Akt inactivation

We previously demonstrated that 14-3-3σ was downregulated in 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu)-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells (MCF-7/5-Fu). Here, we found that stably enhanced 14-3-3σ expression strengthened the effects of 5-Fu, Mitoxantrone and cDDP. 14-3-3σ stabilised the p53 protein and bound Akt to inhibit its activity and its downstream targets: survivin, Bcl-2 and NF-κB-p50. In addition, decreased p53 expression, but not promoter hypermethylation, was responsible for the downregulation of 14-3-3σ in MCF-7/5-Fu cells. Meanwhile, initial treatments with high concentrations of 5-Fu clearly induced 14-3-3σ and p53 expression in a time-dependent manner. 14-3-3σ-mediated molecular events that synergise with p53 may play important roles in the chemotherapy of breast cancer.