Lesiones por congelamiento «Frostbite»

Frozen injuries occur mainly in distal regions of the body; they are mainly caused by prolonged exposure to low temperatures that proceed to cell death and tissue. There are three known stages of freezing: I) excitation (32-35 oC), II) fatigue (28-32 oC), and III) paralysis (< 28 oC) that lead to cell failure that can eventually lead to death. The risk factors include: intrinsic (age, sex, comorbidities, etc.) and extrinsic (temperature, exposure time, etc.). The Frostbite is presented in the third stage pathophysiological and this is divided into three grades: 1) Frosenip, 2) Chilblains and 3) Frostbite each with different clinical manifestations. Treatment is aimed at limiting the damage and prevent progression through an physical «overheating».