The vermiculite-modified carbon paste electrode as a model system for preconcentrating mono- and divalent cations

Abstract A vermiculite-modified carbon paste electrode is used to model the preconcentration behaviour of monovalent and divalent ionic specics under open-circuit conditions. Ag + and Cu 2+ ions are used as model analytes for voltammetric studies in differential pulse mode to describe the kinetics and equilibria of the accumulation process.