A New Approach for Improving the Bandwidth of Microstrip Patch Antenna

Microstrip antenna is one of the most versatile antennas in terms of impedance, polarization and resonant frequency. However, there are several drawbacks associated with the microstrip antenna. One such drawback is relatively narrow bandwidth of the antenna. Today, microstrip antennas are used in the field of communication which in particular, demands high bandwidth of the antenna. Therefore, it becomes important to elevate the bandwidth of microstrip patch antenna. There are several techniques used for this purpose like introducing air gap in between substrate and the ground plane, using thick substrate, low dielectric constant of the substrate, multilayer substrates, stacked patch antenna, co-planar with parasitic element and artificial dielectrics. Previously, many researchers have put forth various methodologies to increase the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna. In this paper, the study of various techniques for improving the bandwidth have been presented and proposed a new structure of design antenna.