First penguin fossil (Aves, Spheniscidae) from Uruguay

Abstract A fossil humerus coming from the Rocha Department coasts (Uruguay) is assigned here to Spheniscus cf. S. magellanicus (Aves, Sphenisciformes). This finding, located within the current migratory route of the species, potentially constitutes the northernmost fossil record of S. magellanicus, and the first report of a fossil penguin from Uruguay. Briefly comments about the features supporting its systematic, ontogenetic, and taphonomic assignment are also given.