Establishment of design criteria for optimum burners for application to heavy-fuel-fired package boilers. Volume 1. Laboratory scale tests. Final report, 1980-1982

The report gives results of a research program to develop low-NOx heavy-oil burners for application to industrial package boilers. Volume I documents Phase 1 of the program, bench scale studies that defined optimum conditions for two-stage combustion. The information led to a conceptual two-stage low-NOx burner design. Volume II gives results of pilot-scale experiments conducted in two test facilities with nominal capacities of 0.9 and 2.9 MWt, including tests of commercial burners for both firetube and watertube boilers. A wide range of petroleum-, coal-, and shale-derived fuels were investigated. Tests were also conducted with prototype advanced low-NOx burners which demonstrated that NOx emissions below 100 ppm (corrected to 0% O/sub 2/) could be achieved almost independently of the bound nitrogen content in the fuel. The conceptual design was successfully scaled from 21 kWt to 0.9 MWt to 2.9 MWt with similar NOx emissions performance.