Propolis Improves Periodontal Status and Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Propolis is a natural resin made by bees from various plant sources and exerts antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties. The purpose of this study is to assess adjunctive benefit of propolis supplementation in individuals with chronic periodontitis (CP) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMt2) receiving scaling and root planing (SRP).Methods: A 6-month masked, randomized clinical trial comparing SRP with placebo (placebo + SRP group, n = 26) or SRP combined with a 6-month regimen of 400 mg oral propolis once daily (propolis + SRP group, n = 24) was performed in patients with long-standing DMt2 and CP. Treatment outcomes included changes in hemoglobin (Hb) A1c (primary outcome), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum N€-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML), and periodontal parameters (secondary outcomes).Results: After 3 and 6 months, average HbA1c levels in the propolis group decreased significantly by 0.82% and 0.96% units, respectively (P <0.01); however, ...