Synthesis and Research of Functional Layers Based on Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Silica Sols Formed on the Surface of Seeds of Chinese Cabbage

The problems of using synthetic titanium dioxide nanoparticles in agrochemistry as biologically active stimulants and micronutrient fertilizers are considered. Functional layers are formed on the surface of the seeds of chinese cabbage using commercial TiO2 P-25 nanopowder in the form of aqueous suspensions and in combination with tetraethoxysilane-based silica sols. The content of carbon and silicon on the surface of the seeds was studied before and after presowing treatment. The effect of TiO2 and additives of glycerol and polyethylene glycol on the surface morphology of the layers formed around the seed as a result of presowing treatment is analyzed. The positive effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on seed germination, the qualitative and quantitative composition of epiphytic microorganisms, the physiological state of seedlings, which stimulates plant growth and their resistance to stressors, including phytopathogenic microorganisms, was established. The synergistic effect of all factors (silica sol, TiO2 P-25 nanoparticles, a solution of macro- and microelements, polyols) on the growth and development of plants in the initial period of development is considered.