Re-establishing Context for Orphaned Collections A Case Study from the Market Street Chinatown, San Jose, California

While the primary rationale for curating orphaned archaeological col- lections is to restore the collections' research potential, in practice such research programs are rarely actualized because of the challenges in reconstructing archaeological context. this article presents the results of a concerted effort undertaken to re-establish the context of the Market street chinatown archaeological collection. We outline the history of the excavation of the Market street chinatown, the subsequent "orphan- ing" of the collection, and the early efforts that uncovered the untapped research potential of the collection. next, we describe the methods and results of the four-stage process we used during 2010-2011 to de- velop historical and archaeological context for research on the collec- tion: archive analysis, methods analysis, feature context, and research potential assessment. While some of these procedures were tailored to the specific circumstances of the Market street chinatown collection, the overall process provides a model for re-establishing context for research purposes on other orphaned and endangered collections.