The Role of Multiagent Chemoradiation in the Management and Prognosis of Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Introduction The standard treatment for anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is multiagent chemotherapy with radiation (CRT). This is based on several randomized trials demonstrating lower recurrence and colostomy-free survival rates with multiagent CRT; however, these studies could not confirm an overall survival (OS) benefit. We hypothesized that the lack of improved OS was due to limited sample sizes and follow-up, and that multiagent CRT is associated with higher OS.