Biosynthesis of complement components in chronically inflamed gingiva

The biosynthesis of the third and fifth components of complement in chronically inflamed gingiva is demonstrated. The technique utilized in these studies was an immunochemical detection of 14C-labeled amino acid incorporated protein from gingival explant cultures. C3 and C5 synthesis was detected in 8 of 10 individuals with periodontal disease, while no evidence of synthesis was noted in 5 control subjects. The results indicate an even greater consumption of complement occurs in periodontal disease than has been predicted previously using serum as the sole source of complement. The local production of complement could play a role in modulating the inflammatory response in the gingiva.