Numerical investigation of heat transfer enhancement of an inclined heated offset jet

Abstract Offset jet is a commonly used flow in different industrial applications, such as in cooling electronic devices or heat exchange systems. Determining the exact behaviour of the thermal characteristics of such flow, as a function of several independent parameters, is quite interesting and useful. The aim of the current study of an inclined heated and turbulent offset jet is to investigate numerically the dynamic and thermal characteristics of the flow. To figure out which parameter is the most significant for the heat transfer process, The effects of the Reynolds number (Re), the offset ratio (OR) and the inclination angle(α) were discussed in details. Note that the OR is varied in two domains: from 20,000 to 40,000, from 5 to 15 and the inclination angle is varied from −20° to +20°. The simulations are carried out using the CFD solver Ansys Fluent. The SST k-ω turbulence model was selected among four different turbulence models and using the velocity-pressure coupling. Velocity and pressure and streamlines, contours are provided to examine the dynamic behaviour of the flow. Furthermore, local Nusselt evolution is presented for different parameter combinations (Re, OR and α) to outline their simultaneous effects on the convective transfer phenomenon. Finally, based on the gathering data, triple-parameter correlations were developed to govern the maximum Nu value and the average Nusselt estimations throughout the different flow's zones. These correlations will broad the current knowledge in different engineering applications to enhance the heat transfer in different heat exchange systems such as electronics cooling systems.