One-layer-only molecular deposition filming flooding: A review

Abstract In the domain of multilayer films, the properties and applications have been widely studied for decades. This paper introduces a class of unique molecular deposition filming self-assembly, which is “one-layer-only” molecular deposition (abbr. MD) film to distinguish from multilayer films or ordinary monolayers, and to supplement researches into other forms of deposition films. Distinctive qualities of one-layer-only molecular deposition filming flooding with just a single-layer film are constructed via electrostatic attraction between hexamethonium bromide (or analogues) and negatively charged substrates. The impressive effects of one-layer-only MD filming flooding have been demonstrated in enhanced oil recovery in many oilfields across China. It is characterized by low additive dosage, high oil displacement efficiency, simple operation, low reservoir damage and large scopes of application. This review highlights the course of discovering, laboratory experiment, field test, flooding mechanism, the composition and properties of filming flooding agent, and evaluation methods for MD filming flooding. This new method not only improves the oil displacement efficiency and economic benefits, but also has profound social significance and potential application to other fields. After exploring current possibilities and limitations of MD filming flooding, great potentials and the opportunities for their wider application in the future are also concluded. The future high-frequency key words in MD filming flooding are boldly predicted in this review.