Endemic situation of schistosomiasis in national surveillance sites of Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2018

: ［摘要］目的 分析2011–2018年江苏省国家血吸虫病监测点疫情, 掌握监测点血吸虫病疫情变化趋势, 为制定血吸虫病防治策略提供科学依据。方法 2011–2014年根据《全国血吸虫病监测方案 (2011年版) 》要求, 在江苏省选取7个血吸虫病流行县 (市、区) 设立国家血吸虫病监测点; 2015–2018年根据《全国血吸虫病监测方案 (2014年版) 》要求, 在全省64 个血吸虫病流行县 (市、区) 设立国家血吸虫病监测点。2011–2018年江苏省国家血吸虫病监测点开展本地人群、流动人群、家畜血吸虫感染监测及螺情监测, 对各年病情及螺情数据进行比较分析。结果 2011–2018年, 江苏省国家血吸虫病监测点本地人群血吸虫病血检阳性率为1.50%～4.61%, 男性高于女性, 血检阳性者以50岁以上人群为主; 各年血检阳性者粪检阳性率为0～0.14%,未发现本地急性血吸虫感染病例。流动人群血检阳性率为0.46%～15.97%, 未发现粪检阳性。共调查羊、猪等各类家畜1 453头·次, 未发现阳性。共开展钉螺调查2.16亿m2, 查出有螺面积1 291.01 hm2, 活螺密度为0.01～0.47只/0.1 m2, 未发现感染性钉螺。结论 江苏省血吸虫病疫情总体呈逐年下降趋势, 人畜血吸虫感染率处于较低水平, 自2012年以来未发现本地感染病例。在今后的工作中, 应进一步加强输入性传染源监测和防治, 提升监测点哨点医院被动监测能力建设, 并加大流动人群查病力度, 建立更加敏感、有效的血吸虫病监测体系。. METHODS: From 2011 to 2014, the national schistosomiasis surveillance sites were set in seven schistosomiasis endemic counties (cities, districts) across Jiangsu Province as according to the National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Scheme (2011 version), and from 2015 to 2018, the national surveillance sites were assigned in all 64 counties (cities, districts) endemic for schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province according to the National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Scheme (2014 version). Schistosoma japonicum infections in local populations, mobile populations and livestock, and snail status were monitored in the national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2018, and the monitoring data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The sero-prevalence of S. japonicum infections was 1.50% to 4.61% among local populations in the national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2018, and a higher sero-prevalence was seen in men than in women, with the sero-positives predominantly detected in local populations at ages of over 50 years. The positive rate of stool examinations was 0 to 0.14% among sero-positive local populations in the national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2018, and no acute case was found in local populations during the study period. The sero-prevalence of S. japonicum infections was 0.46% to 15.97% among mobile populations in the national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2018, and no egg-positives were identified. A total of 1 453 livestock were tested in the national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2018, and no S. japonicum infections were detected. During the period from 2011 through 2018, snail survey was conducted in an area of 216 million m2 in the national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Jiangsu Province, and 1 291.01 hm2 snail habitats were identified, with snail densities ranging from 0.01 to 0.47 snails/0.1 m2; however, no S. japonicum infections were identified in snails. CONCLUSIONS: The overall endemic situation of schistosomiasis appears a tendency towards a decline in Jiangsu Province, and S. japonicum infection remains at a low level in both humans and livestock. No S. japonicum infection has been identified in local populations in Jiangsu Province since 2012. In the future, monitoring and management of imported sources of S. japonicum infections should be intensified in Jiangsu Province, and the capability building of passive surveillance of schistosomiasis should be improved in sentinel hospitals in national schistosomiasis surveillance sites of Jiangsu Province. In addition, the examination of schistosomiasis should be strengthened in mobile populations in Jiangsu Province, a sensitive and effective surveillance-response system for schistosomiasis is urgently needed.