Analysis of genetic diversity of a native population of Myrcia lundiana Kiaersk. plants using ISSR markers
2016
Myrcia lundiana Kiaersk. is a tree of the family Myrtaceae
found in tropical and subtropical areas of the southern hemisphere
that produces essential oil. The aim of this study was to characterize
the genetic diversity of M. lundiana plants from a native population
of Parque Nacional de Itabaiana, using inter-simple sequence repeat
molecular markers. Thirty-five primers were tested, 20 of which were
polymorphic, resulting in 135 polymorphic and informative bands.
Results of the cluster analysis, obtained using the unweighted pair
group method with arithmetic mean, grouped plants into three clusters:
Cluster I - MLU001, MLU002, MLU003, MLU004, MLU005,
MLU006, MLU018, MLU019, MLU020, MLU021, MLU022; MLU008, MLU011, MLU012, MLU014, MLU015, MLU017,
MLU026, and MLU028; Cluster II - MLU007, MLU009, MLU010,
MLU013, and MLU016; and Cluster III - MLU023, MLU024,
MLU025, and MLU027. Jaccard similarity coefficients for pair-wise
comparisons of plants ranged between 0.15 and 0.87. MLU014 and
MLU015 presented low genetic diversity, with a similarity index of
0.87. Conversely, MLU007 and MLU019 presented high diversity, with
a similarity index of 0.15. According to the structure analysis, three
distinct clusters were formed. Genetic diversity of M. lundiana plants
was intermediate, and expansion of its genetic diversity is necessary.
MLU026 and MLU028 are the most suitable for selection in breeding
programs, since they clearly represent all of the diversity present in
these plants. Moreover, these results provide important information on
the existing genetic variability, highlighting the importance of Parque
Nacional de Itabaiana for the conservation of this species.
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