Electric Contact Properties of Pantograph and Contact Line

Pantograph and overhead contact line contact point have three electric contact forms: static, sliding, and open–close. For static electric contact of a pantograph and contact line, the major problem is temperature rise at the contact point; for sliding electric contact, it is friction abrasion and lubrication of the contact material; for open–close electric contact, it is electric spark and arc. Arc can maintain continuity of current collection for an electric train, but will cause hot erosion to the pantograph and overhead contact line system equipment and electromagnetic interference to the environment. The strip and contact wire have mechanical, chemical, and electrical abrasions, resulting in abrasion of contact material.