A Bifunctional Iron Nanocomposite Catalyst for Efficient Oxidation of Alkenes to Ketones and 1,2-Diketones
2020
We
herein report the fabrication of a bifunctional iron nanocomposite
catalyst, in which two catalytically active sites of Fe–Nx and Fe phosphate, as oxidation and Lewis
acid sites, were simultaneously integrated into a hierarchical N,P-dual
doped porous carbon. As a bifunctional catalyst, it exhibited high
efficiency for direct oxidative cleavage of alkenes into ketones or
their oxidation into 1,2-diketones with a broad substrate scope and
high functional group tolerance using TBHP as the oxidant in water
under mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, it could be easily recovered
for successive recycling without appreciable loss of activity. Mechanistic
studies disclose that the direct oxidation of alkenes proceeds via
the formation of an epoxide as intermediate followed by either acid-catalyzed
Meinwald rearrangement to give ketones with one carbon shorter or
nucleophilic ring-opening to generate 1,2-diketones in a cascade manner.
This study not only opens up a fancy pathway in the rational design
of Fe–N–C catalysts but also offers a simple and efficient
method for accessing industrially important ketones and 1,2-diketones
from alkenes in a cost-effective and environmentally benign fashion.
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