Microarchitecture and Biomechanical Evaluation of BoneCeramic Grafted Alveolar Defects During Tooth Movement in Rat.

Objective:  BoneCeramic can regenerate bone in alveolar defects, but it remains unknown whether it is feasible to move a tooth through BoneCeramic grafting sites. The objective of this study was to investigate three-dimensional real-time bone responses and micromechanical properties in the grafting sites during orthodontic tooth movement. Methods:  Sixty 5-week-old rats were randomly assigned into three groups to receive BoneCeramic, natural bovine cancellous bone particles (Bio-Oss), and no graft, respectively, after the extraction of the left maxillary first molar. After 4 weeks, the maxillary left second molar was moved into the extraction for 28 days. Dynamic bone microstructures and root resorption were evaluated using in vivo micro–computed tomography and histology. Stress distribution of tooth roots and biomechanical properties of corresponding bone tissue were examined by finite element methods and nanoindentation. Mixed-model analysis of variance was performed to compare the difference among time...