Combined stress of acute cold exposure and waterless duration at low temperature induces mortality of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei through injuring antioxidative and immunological response in hepatopancreas tissue

Abstract High mortality is a frequent occurrence during live transport of shrimp species and the biochemical mechanism remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the influence of combined stress of acute cold exposure (AC) and waterless duration (WD) on survivability and biochemical response of shrimp L. vannamei during live transport. The shrimps in NC and AC groups remained the total survivability throughout the experiment while the shrimps exposed to AC + WD stress exhibited significantly higher mortality since 6h afterwards (P