Immunogenicity, safety, and compliance of high- and standard-strength four-dose hepatitis B vaccination regimens in patients receiving methadone maintenance therapy in China: a randomized, parallel-arm controlled trial.

Background We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of four doses of 20 or 60 µg, and the immunogenicity and compliance of the short-term vaccination regimen (0, 1, and 2 months) among patients receiving MMT. Research design and methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial among 303 patients receiving MMT who were randomized to receive 3 or 4 doses of 20 or 60 µg of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. Results At month 7, the seroconversion rates in both IM20 × 4 and IM60 × 4 groups were numerically higher than the IM20 × 3 group (P > 0.05). The high-level responses and geometric mean concentration (GMC) of anti-HBs in both IM20 × 4 and IM60 × 4 groups were significantly higher than the IM20 × 3 group (P 0.05). Conclusions Both the high-strength and standard-strength four-dose hepatitis B vaccine regimens could improve the immune response for patients receiving MMT. The high-strength short-term vaccination regimen could improve compliance and attain comparable immunogenicity with the standard vaccination regimen. The high-strength short-term vaccination regimen is recommended and the fourth dose is encouraged for this population considering the compliance and immunogenicity. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03962816).