Latest developments in rapid-phase-transition modeling

An incident during liquefied-natural-gas (LNG) transfer between an onshore or offshore structure and an LNG carrier can result in an LNG spill into the water. A leak inside a submerged combustion vaporizer also can lead to LNG/water contact. Under certain conditions, these contacts can produce LNG vaporization rates so high that explosions, called rapid phase transitions (RPTs), can occur. These RPTs can generate air and underwater blast pressures that could damage adjacent plants or structures and lead to serious accidents.