Energy-efficiency for heterogenous wireless networks by using hand-off approach

With the dense use of smart phones, the global mobile data traffic has increased from 0:2exabytes/month in 2010 to 2:5exabytes/month in 2014. With a growth of 1150% over 4 years it is expected that global mobile traffic will increase by a factor of 10 between 2014 and 2020 [1]. Mobile Base station (BS) cell sites consumed over 60% of the company total energy consumption for most mobile carriers, therefore current research has a significant focus on improving the energy efficiency of mobile access networks. In recent years, the increasing impact of networks on the environment has made energy efficiency in telecom networks an important theme for researches. In this context, heterogeneous wireless networks (HetNets) plays a key role in 4G and 5G due to offer easily access services anywhere and anytime. Our study is developed based on IPv4 protocol but our developed algorithm can apply too IPv6 easily. In this paper, we propose a new approaches which provides more energy efficient than Green Joint Radio Resource Management (JRRM) Architecture. Our proposed model has 2 stations, which are separated from each other. One of them, which is called macrocell, addresses the control of a vast territory. The other is located in more sophisticated and local areas. All calls come to the macrocell at first. According to the intensity of call rate microcells turn on or off. These actions are performed by a threshold located in the macrocell. Control of the macrocell achieves a good level of energy efficiency. As it is showed in the illustrations, Handoff Green JRRM Architecture is better than Green JRRM Architecture in the aspect of energy-saving, in any case. The energy-saving action changes the range from 45% to 70% in an average traffic load. Handoff Green's Dynamic Coverage Management (DCM) algorithm promises more opportunities in saving energy. Using a Markov model, the diagram of the states transitions is represented and some obtained performance results are showed by the figures