TCL-348: Breast-Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (BIA-ALCL): First Latinomerican Report

Context: BIA-ALCL is a new entity included in the 2016 WHO classification. It represents less than 10% of breast lymphomas. There are approximately 500 cases reported worldwide. BIA-ALCL is considered an indolent disease with excellent outcomes, but there is a subset of patients with a more aggressive course. Objective: To describe the main characteristics and outcomes of BIA-ALCL patients in Argentina. Design: This is a cross-sectional observational study. We collect patient data with a digital form fulfilled by different doctors among several healthcare institutions in Argentina. Data were provided by hematologists, pathologists, and plastic surgeons. The first case was reported in 2009 and the last in November 2019. Setting: This study was set in a referral Hemato-Oncologist centre. Patients or other participants: Inclusion criteria: Patients with BIA-ALCL diagnosis confirmed by histopathological study. The patients were diagnosed in Argentina and were reported by a physician. Interventions: No interventions were done because this was an observational study. Main outcome measures: No outcomes were measured because this was an observational study. Results: Twelve cases were registered. All patients were female. The median age was 48 years (33 to 66), and 100% of implants were textured. The median time between the implant surgery and the diagnosis was 8.5 years. In 8 (66%) patients the first symptom was late seroma. Seven (58%) patients were stage I at diagnosis, 3 (33%) stage III, and 1 (8%) stage IV. The diagnosis was achieved by fine-needle aspiration of periprosthetic fluid in 5 (41%) patients, mass biopsy in 4 (33%), and lymph-node biopsy in 3 (25%). All samples were CD30+ and ALK-. Surgical treatment was performed in all patients. Six (50%) patients also received chemotherapy with CHOP-based regimens. One patient received brentuximab+CHP and autologous stem cell transplantation. All patients are currently in complete remission. Conclusions: The characteristics of our reported patients were similar to those in international studies. We do not know the incidence and features of this disease in Latinomerica because of the lack of publications; thus, that is the value of this first report. Considering the scarcity of knowledge on the behaviour of this lymphoma, more research and follow-up are required to adequately treat this disease.