Materials for Optimizing Efficiencies of Solar Photovoltaic Panels

Abstract Electrical energy is one of the main resource for development of any country. As there are many ways to generate electrical energy, solar energy is one of green energy which is imperishable. As many research institutions are rigorously working on how to improve efficiency of Solar Photovoltaic cell so that we can generate more electrical energy per given area. Selection of different material such as CdTe,GaN,SiGaAs, Ge, InP, a-SiH,cSi will give variation in band gap, change in efficiency of photovoltaic cell. We need to solve supply demand problem by adding more generation. One method can be optimizing efficiency of solar cell by making multi- layer, multi junction with more materials which can effectively use complete solar spectrum to convert as electricity by changing band gap limits. This paper will present how different material will add to increase efficiency of solar cells. Another important reason for research towards improve in solar photovoltaic cell efficiency is rapid reduction of availability of conventional energy resources such as coal, oil and gas.