Principales bacterias aisladas en cultivos de pacientes con leucemia aguda (2011)

Background: The frequency of bacteria isolates in patients with febrile neutropenia is low. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the different species of Staphylococcus are the most frequent. Material and methods: Retrospective, Observational and Prolective study. The results of weekly cultures (nasal cavity, pharynx, blood) of patients with acute leukemia during the induction phase studied. Results: 67 patients were studied, mostly ALL (n=55). The most frequent bacteria were Gram-positive (56%) [Staphylococcus epidermidis (32%), followed by Gram-negative (Escherichia coli [14.7%]). The main site where bacteria were isolated was the nasal cavity followed by pharynx and blood. The frequency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 3% unlike Piperacillin-Tazobactam and Cefepime in which the sensitivity was 85%. For Escherichia coli the main sensitivity were for imipenem, meropenem and amikacin (95, 50 y 85% respectively). All Staphylococci were sensitive to vancomycin (>90%). Conclusion: Weekly samples strategy increases the frequency of bacterial isolates (86.6%), the nasal cavity being the main site. When we exclude these cases, E coli was the most frequent bacteria. Sensitivity to Piperacillin-Tazobactam, Cefepime and Carbapenems is