A Unified Dynamic Model for Bi-directional DC-DC Converter

This paper presents a unified model for bi-directional DC-DC converters for both directions of power flow. The bi-directional DC-DC converter is analyzed using a seamless dynamic model with an independent voltage source and an independent current source, which polarity depends on the direction of the power flow. A small signal model is derived using a state space averaging method. Furthermore, the transient response and the frequency characteristics are discussed. Example circuits for bi-directional DC-DC converter are investigated analytically, using simulation, and experimentally.