Plasma endothelin-1 levels and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
2016
Introduction. Microalbuminuria is a very important independent risk factor
for the progression of renal diseases as well as diseases of the
cardiovascular system. Pathophysiological mechanisms that lead to the
development of microalbuminuria in patients with diabetes are complex and
they are a result of numerous factors. In the past decade, endothelin-1, the
most potent vasoconstrictor peptide, was identified as an important factor
that significantly contributes to the functional and structural renal
changes. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship
between plasma concentration of endothelin-1 and urinary albumin excretion in
patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods. There were 76
patients with type 2 diabetes who were divided into those having
normoalbuminuria (n=33), microalbuminuria (n=29), and macroalbuminuria
(n=14), and 30 healthy controls. Plasma levels of endothelin-1 were measured
by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. There were significant
differences in plasma concentration of endothelin-1 among groups (p<0.01).
The correlation between endothelin-1, albuminuria, proteinuria and glomerular
filtration rate was significant. In multiple regression analyses the plasma
concentration of endothelin-1 was independently and significantly associated
with albuminuria (β=0.01, p=0.009), proteinuria (β=0.02, p<0.001) and
glomerular filtration rate (β=-0.01, p=0.0006). Conclusion. Higher plasma
concentrations of endothelin-1 are independently associated with the levels
of urinary excretion of albumin which may corroborate the hypothesis of a
potential role of this peptide in the development of microalbuminuria in
diabetic nephropathy.
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