Software-Defined Networks and Named Data Networks in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network Routing: Comparative Study and Future Directions

Routing protocols are an essential component of vehicular ad hoc networks. Software-defined networks and name data networks are new aspects of routing that are coming to the fore as Vehicular Ad Hoc Network technology evolves. Data Network-based VANET routing protocols and Software Defined Network-based VANET routing protocols have been developed in recent research. These newly developed protocols must be part of VANET routing protocol surveys. The taxonomy of traditional routing protocols must take these innovations into account. To the best of our knowledge, no such taxonomy exists at the moment. We present a new taxonomy of routing protocols based on the additional routing aspects of Software-Defined Networks and Named Data Networks. All traditional routing protocols are kept in a single category. This research work aims to update the existing taxonomy of routing protocols with the newly adopted aspects of research in routing. Advanced routing schemes are selected for the survey from each category to evaluate new research results in VANET routing. This article also describes future directions for VANET/ITS routing research.