High-Resolution Channel Estimation for Frequency-Selective mmWave Massive MIMO Systems

In this paper, we develop two high-resolution channel estimation schemes based on the estimating signal parameters via the rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) method for frequency-selective millimeter wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems. The first scheme is based on two-dimensional ESPRIT (TDE), which includes three stages of pilot transmission. This scheme first estimates the angles of arrival (AoA) and angles of departure (AoD) and then pairs the AoA and AoD. The other scheme reduces the pilot transmission from three stages to two stages and therefore reduces the pilot overhead. It is based on one-dimensional ESPRIT and minimum searching (EMS). It first estimates the AoD of each channel path and then searches the minimum from the identified mainlobe. To guarantee the robust channel estimation performance, we also develop a hybrid precoding and combining matrices design method so that the received signal power keeps almost the same for any AoA and AoD. Finally, we demonstrate that the proposed two schemes outperform the existing channel estimation schemes in terms of computational complexity and performance.