Superconducting-Ferromagnetic Transistor

We report experimental results on the dc and ac characterization of multiterminal SFIFSIS devices (where S, I, and F denote a superconductor (Nb), an insulator $(\hbox{AlO}_{x})$ , and a ferromagnetic material (Ni), respectively), which display transistor-like properties. We investigated two types of such superconducting–ferromagnetic transistors (SFTs): ordinary devices with a single acceptor (SIS) junction, and devices with a double acceptor. The devices with the single SIS acceptor were investigated and demonstrated a modulation of the maximum Josephson current as a function of the SFIFS current injection level. For devices of the second type, by applying an ac signal (in the kilohertz range) with a constant dc bias current to the injector (SFIFS) junction, we observed a voltage gain of about 25 on the double acceptor with the operating point chosen in the subgap region of the acceptor current-voltage characteristic. We also observed an excellent input–output isolation in our SFIFSIS devices. The experiments indicate that, after optimization of the device parameters, they can be used as input/output isolators and amplifiers for memory, digital, and RF applications.