Dual-mode electrochemical evaluation of 8‑hydroxy-5-nitroquinoline in industrial sewage

Abstract In the evolving world, the usage of the number of drugs grows day-to-day due to the drug industry pushing to produce on a large scale. Simultaneously, the industrial toxic wastes flow out on the water surface without further purification processes. This continuous accumulation of toxic chemicals can cause a severe Eco toxicological effect on water bodies and aquatic life. For this concern, an ultra-sensitive and low-level electrochemical detection of toxic chemicals was implemented to exclude serious issues. In this present work, bitter melon-like cylindrical silver stannate (AgSnO2) was synthesized using a simple ultrasonic-irradiation along with co-precipitation technique with silver and tin nitrates metal precursors, and it is further calcinated. The calcinated-AgSnO2 (C-AgSnO2) micro particles were characterized using various analytical and spectroscopic techniques. C-AgSnO2 modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was fabricated and examined using electrochemical impedance spectra and then evaluated for electrochemical sensing potential. The cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and amperometric i-t experimental results confirmed that the as-synthesized C-AgSnO2 modified GCE was effectively detecting (8‑hydroxy 5-nitroquinoline, HNQ) electrochemically, which shows high sensitivity, good selectivity, and low limit of detection (0.028 and 0.004 µM). Furthermore, the electrochemical detection of HNQ using C-AgSnO2/GCE was performed in industrial wastewater. This electrocatalyst paves the way for the dual-mode electrochemical detection of HNQ in analytical as well as in wastewater analysis.