Угроза безработицы: положение занятых в негосударственном секторе

About one-third of those interviewed prefers.employment at state-owned enterprises; as to the Russian private, sector, people are watchful about it (nearly 10 per cent chose this sector). Joint ventures and foreign companies are highly popular (in sum, 25 per cent in November 1995). In general, Russian.working people have no clear notions about the advantages and drawbacks of employment in the sectors of economy: from 30 to 40 per cent of those interviewed either do not know how to answer the question or answer that the form of property has no independent meaning for them. In the dynamics, the scale measuring answers of those respondents who are about to change the job is swinging, in turn, now towards the state sector, now towards the non-state one. The choice of the employment sector is closely connected, on the one hand, with the actual type of a respondent's employment, and, on the other hand, with-orientations primarily to either not high though stable or unstable but high earnings. In 1994, massive redundancies took place at enterprises where 17 per cent of those employed in the state sector and 26 per cent of those employed in the non-state sector work. 57 per cent of those employed at non-state enterprises and only 43 per cent of those employed at state-owned ones definitely do not register any tension, saying that the threat of redundancy does not exist. Under conditions of redundancy threat the most frequent type of behaviour is preventive dismissal (29 per cent in the private sector and 33 per. cent in the public one). For those employed in the state sector, to a greater extent intentions to keep the old job are typical In the private sector, managers undertake more active measures to prevent massive redundancies. Judging by the answers of enterprise managers, passive measures of regulating employment (unpaid leaves, part-time schedule) at state-owned enterprises are undertaken 2.3 times more often and active measures (search for new partners and markets) 4 times less often than at non-state enterprises. As regards personal prospects of employment, "entrepreneurs-proprietors" feel most confident in the labour 'market (three-fourths are sure that would be able to find a new job in compliance with their profession). The potential of market positions is the lowest with respondents employed in the state sector (less than half of them believe that in case of dismissal they will succeed in finding a new job according to their profession).