Diagnosis of dysfunctions of heart valve bioprostheses

: Twenty-three cases of bioprosthetic dysfunction due to infectious endocarditis and primary tissue degeneration are reviewed. Twelve bioprostheses were studied morphologically. Follow-up of bioprosthesis-wearers for timely diagnosis of bioprosthetic dysfunction can be based on routine clinical investigation procedures. Echocardiographic detection of calcified vegetations on the cusps, as well as thrombosis, incompetence and marked stenosis of the bioprosthesis are indications for repeated surgery.