A potential prognostic biomarker SPC24 promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis in lung cancer

// Juan Zhou 1, * , Yang Yu 2, * , Yunfeng Pei 1 , Chunping Cao 1 , Chen Ding 1 , Duping Wang 1 , Li Sun 1 and Guoping Niu 1 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated to Medical College of Southeast University and Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China 2 Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated to Medical College of Southeast University and Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China * These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Guoping Niu, email: niuguoping_js@sina.com Keywords: SPC24, lung cancer, prognostic biomarker, tumorigenesis, metastasis Received: October 11, 2016      Accepted: June 16, 2017      Published: July 04, 2017 ABSTRACT Results: SPC24 is over-expressed in clinical lung adenocarcinoma samples, and high level of SPC24 is associated with advanced stages of lung tumors. Knocking down SPC24 repressed cell growth and promoted apoptosis. SPC24 deficiency reduced cancer cell migration as well. E-cadherin, one of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers, was up-regulated in the knockdown cells, along with down-regulation of N-cadherin and Vimentin. Oncomine expression analyses further confirmed that high level of SPC24 is associated with tumors from smokers, recurrent patients, or patients with shorter survivals. Purpose and methods: To reveal the role of SPC24, an important component of kinetochore, in the tumorigenesis of lung cancer, we performed Oncomine and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses for SPC24 in human lung adenocarcinoma tumors. We knocked down SPC24 in two non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, PC9 and A549, by siRNA and evaluated cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration in the SPC24-deficient cells. Using a mouse xenograft model, we compared in vivo tumor growth of the knockdown and control cells. We further performed multiple Oncomine expression analyses for SPC24 in various lung cancer datasets with important clinical characteristics and risk factors, including survival, recurrence, and smoking status. Conclusions: SPC24 is a novel oncogene of lung cancer, and can serve as a promising prognostic biomarker to differentiate lung tumors that have various clinicopathological characteristics. The findings of the current study will benefit the diagnosis, management, and targeted therapy of lung cancer.