In-Silico Ear Model Based on Episcopic Images for Percutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation

Auricular branch of vagus nerve stimulation is continuously evolving as a minimal-invasive treatment option in patients suffering from chronic pain. For optimization of stimulation mechanisms, we conducted in-silico modelling of the electrode-tissue-nerve interface by a thorough literature review of the anatomical structures combined with nerve and vessel structures from episcopic images of a human ear. Four nerves and two vessels in the ear were implemented in a 3D CAD model for future optimization of stimulation regions and patterns. Mean diameters for nerves were 30 µm, and for vessels 100 µm. Mean distance between nerves and vessels was about 100 µm.